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GM6605
5.0A PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
Power Management
Description
The GM6605 series of positive adjustable and fixed regulators are designed to provide 5A output with low dropout voltage performance. On-chip trimming adjusts the reference voltage with an accuracy of 1% for adjustable, and 2% for fixed voltage versions. Put them to work in post regulators or microprocessor power supplies where low voltage operation and fast transient response are required. Device includes over-current protection and thermal shutdown protection as well. The GM6605's are available in TO-220 and surfacemount TO-263 packages.
Features
Adjustable or Fixed Output Output Current of 5.0A Dropout Voltage (typical) 1.2V @ 5.0A Typical Line Regulation 0.04% Typical Load Regulation 0.08% Fast Transient Response Current Limit Protection Thermal Shutdown Protection
Application
Microprocessor Supply Post Regulators for Switching Supplies Telecommunication Systems Medical Equipment Printer Supplies Motherboards
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
GM6605-Adj
5.0V ADJ 124W 1.0%
3.3V@3.0A
5.0V
GM6605-3.3
GND
3.3V@3.0A
10F 5.0V
0.1F 5.0V
200W 1.0%
22F 5.0V
10F 5.0V
22F 5.0V
(Adjustable Version)
(Fixed Version)
www.gammamicro.com
PRELIMINARY
GM6605
1
Revision 1, Feb. 2004
VIN
VOUT
VIN
VOUT
GM6605
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (Top View)
TO-252 (DPAK)
TO-220
TO-263-2 (D PAK)
2
GM6605
VVAYWW
GM6605
VVAYWW
GM6605
VVAYWW
VIN VOUT
GND*
VIN VOUT
GND* V V = Output Voltage (50 = 5.0V, A =Adj ) A = Assembly Location Y = Year W W = Work Week
VIN VOUT
GND*
On fixed versions Pin 1 = GND, on adjustable versions Pin 1 = ADJ Tab = VOUT
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number
GM6605-ATA3T GM6605-ATA3R GM6605-ATB3T GM6605-1.8TA3T GM6605-1.8TA3R GM6605-1.8TB3T GM6605-2.5TA3T GM6605-2.5TA3R GM6605-2.5TB3T GM6605-3.3TA3T GM6605-3.3TA3R GM6605-3.3TB3T
Output Voltage
Adj Adj Adj 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5.0 5.0 5.0
Package
TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-252 TO-252 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220
Shipping
50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube
GM6605
GM6605-3.3TC3T GM6605-3.3TC3R GM6605-5.0TA3T GM6605-5.0TA3R GM6605-5.0TB3T
2
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
GM6605
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
Power Dissipation Input Voltage
Junction Temperature Lead Temperature(Soldering, 10sec)
SYMBOL
PD VIN TJ TLEAD TJ TSTG ESD
VALUE
Internally limited 7.0 +150 300 0 to + 125 -65 to + 150 2.0
UNIT
W V C C C C
KV
Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range
ESD Damage Threshold
BLOCK DIAGRAM (Fixed Version)
VOUT VIN
Thermal Shutdown Bandgap Reference +
Error Amplifier
Output Current Limit
GND
(Adjustable Version)
VOUT VIN
Thermal Shutdown Bandgap Reference +
Error Amplifier
ADJ
GM6605
3
Output Current Limit
GM6605
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25C) Parameter
Reference Voltage GM6605-Adj GM6605-1.8 GM6605-2.5 Output Voltage GM6605-3.3 GM6605-5.0 GM6605-Adj GM6605-1.8 Line Regulation GM6605-2.5 GM6605-3.3 GM6605-5.0 GM6605-Adj GM6605-1.8 Load Regulation GM6605-2.5 GM6605-3.3 GM6605-5.0 Dropout Voltage Current Limit Minimum Load Current GM6605-Adj GM6605-1.8 GM6605-2.5 Quiescent Current GM6605-3.3 GM6605-5.0 Adjust Pin Current Temperature Coefficient GM6605-Adj IADJ IQ VD ICL IO MIN REGLOAD REGLINE VO
Symbol
VREF
Condition
IOUT=10mA, VIN-VOUT=1.5V 10mA IOUT 5A, 3.3V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=3.3V 10mA IOUT 5A, 3.3V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4V 10mA IOUT 5A, 4V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4.8V 10mA IOUT 5A, 4.8V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=6.5V 10mA IOUT 5A, 6.5V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, IOUT=10mA, 3.3V IOUT=10mA, 4V IOUT=10mA, 4.8V IOUT=10mA, 6.5V VIN VIN VIN VIN 7V 7V 7V 7V 5A
Min
1.238 1.230 1.782 1.764 2.475 2.460 3.267 3.247 4.950 4.920
Typ
1.250 1.250 1.800 1.800 2.500 2.500 3.300 3.300 5.000 5.000 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 1.15
Max
1.262 1.270 1.818 1.836 2.525 2.540 3.333 3.353 5.050 5.080 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 1.3
Unit
V V V V V
%
VIN-VOUT=1.5V, 10mA IO VIN=3.8V, 10mA IO VIN=4.5V, 10mA IO VIN=5.3V, 10mA IO VIN=7V, 10mA IO 5A 5A 5A 5A
%
IOUT=5A VIN-VOUT=3V VIN=5V
VIN=3.3V, 10mA IO VIN=4.0V, 10mA IO VIN=4.8V, 10mA IO VIN=6.5V, 10mA IO 5A 5A 5A 5A
V A
5.5
6.8 5 5 5 5 5 10 10 10
mA
mA 10 10 120 A %/C %/W dB
IOUT=10mA, 2.75V
VIN
7V
50 0.005 0.003 60 80
VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=10mA TC RA TA=25C, 30ms pulse VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=5A
GM6605
4
Thermal Regulation Ripple Rejection
GM6605
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The GM6605 series linear regulators provide fixed and adjustable output voltages at currents up to 5.0A. These regulators are protected against overcurrent conditions and include thermal shutdown protection. The GM6605's have a composite PNP-NPN output transistor and require an output capacitor for stability. A detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor follows. Protection Diodes When large external capacitors are used with most linear regulator it is wise to add protection diodes. If the input voltage of the regulator is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of capacitor, output voltage and rate at which VIN drops.
Figure 1
(a),(b)
Stability Considerations
The output compensation capacitor helps to determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator's performance: start-up delay, load transient response, and loop stability. The capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. A tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is preferred, as a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero ESR can cause instability. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive type, but when the circuit operates at low temperatures, both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary widely. For optimum performance over the full operating temperature range, a tantalum capacitor is best. A 22F tantalum capacitor will work fine in most applications, but with high current regulators such as the GM6605 higher capacitance values will improve the transient response and stability. Most applications for the GM6605's involve large changes in load current, so the output capacitor must supply instantaneous load current. The ESR of the output capacitor causes an immediate drop in output voltage given by:
C1 VIN C1
Protection Diode Scheme for Large Output Capacitors
(a) Fixed Version
IN4002 VIN VIN VOUT VOUT
GM6605-3.3
GND C2
(b) Adjustable Version
VIN
IN4002 VOUT
VOUT C2
GM6605-Adj ADJ R1 CADJ
R2
DV = DI x ESD
In microprocessor applications an output capacitor network of several tantalum and ceramic capacitors in parallel is commonly used. This reduces overall ESR and minimizes the instantaneous output voltage drop under transient load conditions. The output capacitor network should be placed as close to the load as possible for the best results.
In the GM6605 linear regulators, the discharge path normally not needed. However, if the regulator is used with large output capacitance values and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. In this case, a diode connected as shown above in Figure 1.
GM6605
5
is through a large junction, and protection diodes are
GM6605
Output Voltage Sensing
The GM6605 series are three terminal regulators, so they cannot provide true remote load sensing. Load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. For best results the GM6605 should be connected as shown in Figure 2.
VIN VIN VOUT RC Conductor Parasitic Resistance RLOAD
The thermal characteristics of an IC depend four factors: 1. Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (C) 2. Power Dissipation PD (Watts) 3. Maximum Junction Temperature TJ (C) 4. Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient RQJA (C/W) These relationship of these four factors is expressed by equation (1):
TJ = TA + PD X RQJA ........(1)
Maximum ambient temperature and power dissipation are determined by the design while the maximum junction temperature and thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is expressed by equation (2): PD(max) = { VIN(max)- VOUT(min) } IOUT(max) + VIN(max)IQ ........(2) where: VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT(min) is the minimum output voltage, IOUT(max) is the maximum output current IQ is the maximum quiescent current at IOUT(max). A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC into the air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the environment has a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistance are summed to determine RQJA the total thermal resistance between the junction and the air. This is expressed by equation (3): RQJA = RQJC + RQ CS+ R QSA ........(3) Where all of the following are in C/W: RQJC is thermal resistance of junction to case, RQCS is thermal resistance of case to heat sink, RQSA is thermal resistance of heat sink to ambient air The value for RQJA is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). The value for RQJC is 3.5C/W for a given package type based on an average die size. For a high current regulator such as the GM6605 the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor section.
GM6605-3.3 GND (a) Fixed Version
VIN
VIN ADJ
VOUT GM6605-A
RC R1 R2
Conductor Parasitic Resistance RLOAD
(b) Adjustable Version
Figure 2 Conductor Parasitic Resistance Effects are Minimized by this Grounding Scheme For Fixed and Adjustable Output Regulators
(a),(b)
Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink Requirements
The GM6605 series precision linear regulators include thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the devices. However, high power regulators normally operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temper-
,
GM6605
6
atures accurately to be sure that you use and adequate heat sink. The case is connected to VOUT on the GM6605, so electrical isolation may be required for some applications. Thermal compound should always be used with high current regulators like the GM6605.
GM6605
Typical Performance Characteristics
1.20
Reference Voltage Deviation(%)
+0.3 TCASE= 0C TCASE= 25C +0.2 +0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
1.15 1.10
Dropout Voltage(V)
1.05 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75
TCASE= 125C
0 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.40 2.70 300
Qutput Current(A)
0
30
60
TJC
90
120
Figure 3. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
Figure 4. Bandgap Reference Voltage Deviation vs. Temperature
90 80 70
Ripple Rejection(dB) Minimum Load Current(mA)
0.65 0.60 TCASE= 25C 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 1 TCASE= 125C TCASE= 0C
60 50 40 30 20 10 101 102 103 104
Frequency(Hz)
105
106
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VIN - VOUT(V)
Figure 5. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
Figure 6. Minimum Load Current vs. VIN - VOUT(V)
GM6605
7
GM6605
TO-252 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
6.50 0.05 5.340 0.05 29 0.5 REF 0.6 0.508 0.0127 7 2.30 0.05
6.10 0.05 7.20 0.05
0.75 0.10 0.89 0.05 0.81 0.038
G
7 1.20 3 9.20 0.20
Pad Layout
1.0 0.05
0.244 6.20
0.070 0.05 9.900 7 0.75 0.10 2.70 0.10 1.525 0.10
0.228 5.80
0.118 3.0
0.243 6.172
R 0.25 0.13
0.101 2.58
0.063 1.6
(
Inches ) mm
R0.15 max 2
Unit: mm
TO-263-2 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.20 0.40 15 4.50 0.20 1.30 -0.05
+0.1
Pad Layout
0.63 17.02 0.33 8.38 0.10 0.01 3 R0.30 2.40 0.20 2.54 0.10 0.50 -0.05 10.0 0.20 7.0 4.0 0.04 1.016
+0.1
1.50 DP0.20
1.4 0.20
1.27 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 0.20)
GM6605
3 R 0.3
P
15.3 0.20 4.90 0.20 0.90 0.10 0.40 3 0.90
0.12 3.05
3
2.00 0.10
0.42 10.66
0.24 6.096
0.75 R0.30
(
Inches ) mm
R 0.45
7.2 9.20 0.20
10.00 0.20
8
4.90 0.20
Unit: mm
GM6605 TO-220 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.20 3.60 0.20 1.30 0.10 1.70 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 0.20 3.70 0.20 15.90 0.20 4.60 8.70 2.80 0.10 4.50 0.20 8.0
+0.1 1.30 -0.05
7.0
8.40 1.46 1.00 45 3.00
10.08 0.30
1.27 0.10
P
3 3
3-R0.2
18.95 MAX
0.9 7.0
3
13.08 0.20
2.54 TYP (2.54 0.20)
0.80 0.10 1.52 0.10
0.50 -0.05
+0.1
2.40 0.20
3
3
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 0.20
ORDERING NUMBER
GM 6605 1.8 TB3 T
Gamma Micro. Shipping T: Tube R: Tape & Reel Package TA3: TO-263-2 TB3: TO-220 TC3: TO-252
Circuit Type
Output Voltage A: Adj, 1.5: 1.5V 1.8: 1.8V, 2.5: 2.5V 3.3: 3.3V, 5.0: 5.0V
GM6605
9

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